Josef Scheungraber

[3] In 1942 he received serious head injuries from a land mine in the Caucasus; following his recovery and since decorated with the Close Combat Clasp and Iron Cross I and II, he went to Italy per his wish as company commander of Mountain Engineer Battalion 818,[3] where he was temporarily Ordnance Officer (Ordonnanzoffizier) to the supreme commander in Italy, Generalfeldmarschall Albert Kesselring.

[4] Then, eleven men were captured and taken to the ground floor of a farmhouse in the village of Falzano di Cortona.

[6] He was a member of the municipal council for twenty years and was made honorary commander of the fire brigade.

However, an Italian military court in La Spezia sentenced him in absentia to life imprisonment on 28 September 2006[4] and subsequently gave their files to the German authorities.

[5] Scheungraber was allowed to remain free while his case was appealed and, in 2011, a German court found him unable to be imprisoned "due to his deteriorating mental health," meaning that he never actually went to prison.