Josefa Toledo de Aguerri or Josefa Emilia Toledo Murillo (21 April 1866 – 27 April 1962) was a Nicaraguan feminist, writer and reform pedagogue.

[2] Earlier, she had provided much needed support to yet another noted political activist, Dame Concepción Palacios Herrera so that she was able to study at the Normal School for Young Ladies, from which Concepción graduated in 1919 prior to her moving to Mexico to attend the Autonomopus University of Mexico's Medical School, graduating there as the first female physician as Nicaragua's history.

Josefa served as general director of education in 1924, the first woman of Nicaragua to be given such an office.

She graduated as one of the first from Colegio de Señoritas, the first secular college to admit women in Nicaragua, alongside among others, Carmela Noguera.

In 1920 she visited feminists in Cuba and the United States, including meeting with the suffragist Amelia Maiben de Ostolaza in Havana.