Joseph-Napoléon Poulin (1821 – June 19, 1892) was a physician and political figure in Canada East.
He was born Joseph Poulin in Sainte-Marie-de-Monnoir in Lower Canada in 1821 and practiced medicine and surgery there.
In 1851, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Rouville; he was reelected in 1854.
In 1843, Poulin married Josephte Bourdages, the daughter of Rémi-Séraphin Bourdages and Marguerite Franchère, and the niece of Joseph and Timothée Franchère.
His brother Étienne represented Rouville in the Quebec assembly.