Joseph-Auguste Charlot (21 January 1827 – August 1871) was a French composer.
Charlot began his musical education at the Conservatoire de Paris at the age of ten.
He studied piano with Pierre Zimmermann and musical composition with Michele Carafa.
In 1850 he won the first prize of the Prix de Rome with the cantata Emma et Eginhard.
In 1866 he succeeded Eugène Vauthrot as choirmaster of the Orchestre de la Société des Concerts du Conservatoire.