Joseph David Sinzheim (1745 – November 11, 1812 in Paris) was the chief rabbi of Strasbourg.

Sinzheim was the most learned and prominent member of the Assembly of Notables convened by Napoleon on May 30, 1806.

The German sermon which he delivered in the synagogue of Paris in honor of the emperor's birthday, on August 15, also strengthened Napoleon's favorable opinion of the Jews, who received the imperial promise that their rights as French citizens should not be withdrawn.

On February 9, 1807, four days after the Assembly of Notables was dissolved, the Grand Sanhedrin was convened; its chairman ("nasi"), appointed by the minister of the interior, was Sinzheim, who had probably suggested the assembly, having been frequently consulted by the imperial commissioner.

He was regarded as the foremost French Talmudist of his time, and was the author of the Yad David, which has recently been printed in its entirety by Machon Yerushalayim.