Joseph Garland (1822–1902) was an American medical doctor and politician who served as Mayor of Gloucester, Massachusetts.

In 1840 he entered Dartmouth College, but left after one year and returned to teaching.

[3] In 1848 he attended the chemical studies program at Massachusetts General Hospital and in 1849 graduated from Jefferson Medical College.

[2] In May 1849, Garland moved to Gloucester, Massachusetts, where he established a medical practice, worked as a teacher, and served on the School Committee.

[3] Garland continued to practice medicine in Gloucester until his death on September 4, 1902.