Joseph Gibson (c. 1823–1886) was an Americo-Liberian politician who served as the seventh vice president of Liberia under President James Spriggs Payne.
Gibson was born free in about 1823 in Talbot County, Maryland, United States.
Gibson and several other family members emigrated to West Africa in 1835 under the auspices of the Maryland State Colonization Society.
Gibson served on the nine-person constitutional committee of the Republic of Maryland which based the constitution off of those of the United States and the U.S. state of Maryland.
Gibson was named the first superintendent of Maryland County, Liberia.