Joseph Pancoast (November 23, 1805 – March 6, 1882) was an American surgeon.

[citation needed] Pancoast was responsible for many seminal advancements in surgery that he described, and were depicted graphically, in numerous scholarly articles and books.

Furthermore, Pancoast was the first to demonstrate a substitute eyebrow coined a "long pedicle", and frequently replaced eyelids and ears.

[1] Pancoast was born of Quaker parentage at Springfield Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, the son of John Pancoast (1771 – 1841) and Ann Abbott,[2] his wife.

He was succeeded by his son, William Henry Pancoast, who was also a renowned surgeon.