Joseph Williams Chalmers (December 20, 1806 – June 16, 1853) was a United States senator from Mississippi.
He moved with his family to Jackson, Tennessee in 1835 and to Holly Springs, Mississippi in 1839, practicing law in both places.
He was appointed to and subsequently elected by the Mississippi legislature as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert J. Walker, serving from November 3, 1845, to March 3, 1847.
(The Papers by Jefferson Davis 1841=1846) Chalmers engaged in the practice of law in Holly Springs until his death in 1853; interment was in Hill Crest Cemetery.
His son James Ronald Chalmers was first elected in 1876 as a U.S. Representative from Mississippi's 6th congressional district, serving from 1877 to 1884.