Josephine Nambooze (born 1930) (pronunciationⓘ) is a Ugandan physician, public health specialist, academic, and medical researcher.

Nambooze was the first female East African to qualify as a physician circa 1959.

She attended St. Joseph's Primary School Nsambya, and Mount Saint Mary's College Namagunga.

There being no laboratories at the school at the time, she studied her science classes at Namilyango College, an all-boys residential high school 25.5 kilometres (16 mi)[2] to the west of Namagunga.

She has also served as the World Health Organization (WHO) representative to Botswana and as director of support for health services development at the WHO regional office in Brazzaville, Congo.