[6] In April 2018, Joshna upset Nicol David in the second round, in straight games, of the El Gouna World Series Event.

Cariappa, who was the first commander-in-chief of the Indian Army in independent India, grandfather, and father were all squash players.

[9][15] The next year, she reached the final of the U19 category of the same competition, losing to Egypt's Omneya Abdel Kawy.

[15] In 2005, she came back to the same tournament again and clinched the title after beating Tenille Swartz of South Africa.

[1][15] In July 2005, Joshna competed in the World Junior Squash Championships in Belgium, reaching the finals.

[22] In April, she won the Richmond Open, upsetting Australia's former world champion Rachael Grinham 11–9, 11–5, 11–8.

[24] In August, Joshna and Dipika entered the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow as the fifth-seeds in women's doubles.

After winning every match in the group stage, they advanced to quarterfinals, in which they beat Joelle King and Amanda Land-Murphy in straight games.

[27] In May, Joshna reached the semifinals at the 2015 HKFC International, but failed to beat Annie Au from Hong Kong.

[30][31] In October, Joshna beat Salma Hany from Egypt 11–9, 8–11, 5–11, 11–8, 11–9 to reach the semifinals of the 2015 Carol Weymuller Open.

In the first round of the Qatar Classic, Joshna defeated Raneem El Welily from Egypt, the World No.

[34] In February, Joshna participated in the 2016 Cleveland Classic in the United States, where she was knocked out by Camille Serme in the quarterfinals.

[38] In July, Joshna rose to her new career-high ranking of 10, becoming the second Indian to break into the world's top 10 after Dipika.

[40] In October, Joshna reached the finals of the 2016 Otters International in Mumbai after beating Tesni Evans 3–1, 11–6, 15–13, 9–11, 11–8.

As the second-seeds, they cruised into the quarterfinals[48] and beat Samantha Cornett and Nikole Todd 10–11, 11–6, 11–8 to enter the semifinals.

She reached the quarterfinals of the women's singles event after beating Tamika Saxby from Australia,[53] but lost to Joelle King 11–5, 11–6, 11–9.

[54] In April, Joshna won her second-round match at El Gouna International against the eight-time world champion Nicol David in straight games.

[58] In March, Joshna reached the quarterfinals of the Black Ball Open, where she lost to Joelle King.

[62] In the World Squash Championship which took place in October, Joshna lost to Nour El Sherbini of Egypt in the pre-quarterfinal.

[64] On 2 February 2014, Joshna won the Winnipeg Winter Open trophy – her maiden WSA world title, by defeating Egypt's Heba El Torky 11-13 11-8 11-5 3-11 12–10 in the final.