Josiah Masters (November 22, 1763 – June 30, 1822) was a United States representative from New York.
He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County, New York.
He was a justice of the peace in Rensselaer County from 1801 to 1805, was a trustee of Lansingburgh Academy, and was school commissioner of Schaghticoke.
He was founder of the Schaghticoke Powder Co. and judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Rensselaer County from 1808 to 1822.
He died in Fairfield, Connecticut in 1822; interment was in the Masters Cemetery, near Schaghticoke, New York.