Juan Bautista Aguirre y Carbo (Daule, Ecuador, April 11, 1725 - Tivoli, Italy, June 15, 1786) was a notable poet and writer from colonial South America.

He studied at the San Luis Seminary College in Quito, where he lived for thirty years (almost half of his life).

Aguirre taught in Quito at the San Gregorio Magno University until the Jesuits were expelled from Spanish America in 1767.

On August 20 of that year, he left South America from Guayaquil bound for Faenza, Italy, where the Jesuits of Quito had taken refuge.

He was a friend of the bishop of Tivoli, Monsignor Gregorio Bamaba Chiaramonti, future Pope Pius VII.