Juan Vázquez de Coronado y Anaya (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwam ˈbaθkeθ ðe koɾoˈnaðo]; 1523–1565) was a Spanish conquistador, remembered especially for his role in the colonization of Costa Rica, in Central America, where he gained a reputation for fairness, effective administration, and good relationships with the native population.

By a decree given at Aranjuez by King Philip II of Spain on 8 April 1565, Juan Vásquez de Coronado was appointed as the first royal governor and first Adelantado (a hereditary title) of the province of Costa Rica, but his ship disappeared in a storm off the coast of southern Spain while he was on his way to receive his appointments from the monarch.

The Vázquez de Coronado Canton, one of the administrative divisions of the Province of San José, in the Republic Costa Rica, was named in his honor.

In the country he distinguished himself for the pacific and fair way with which he executed the tasks of the conquest, being very respected and esteemed either by the Indians and by the Spanish colonists.

[1]He and his wife had at least one son, Gonzalo Vázquez de Coronado y Arias Dávila [es], who married Ana Rodríguez del Padrón and had: