Southern Sudan was mainly composed of various Nilotic tribes who practiced a mixture of Christian and traditional beliefs.
The Juba Conference agreed that northern and southern Sudan would constitute one state and that a Legislative Assembly would represent the entire colony.
However, southern Sudanese representatives had several reservations about the resolutions, largely because they were in an inferior position in regards to their region's lack of educational and political experience.
In discussions to determine the future of the modern state of Sudan, the southern provinces were largely excluded from the political process.
This disparity lead to the First and Second Sudanese Civil Wars, eventually resulting, in 2011, in the Southern provinces becoming an independent state, the Republic of South Sudan.