Judeo-Hamedani–Borujerdi

[1] In 1920, Hamadan had around 13,000 Jewish residents, most can also be found in Israel, New York City, and most predominantly in Los Angeles.

Given the large diaspora population, few people today speak the Judeo-Hamadani language; it is unknown whether native speakers under the age of 50 exist.

[2] The lack of preservation of Judeo-Hamadani is primarily due to cultural, political, and economic marginalization of the Jewish community.

Unlike Judeo-Hamadani, Persian carried prestige as the majority language, and by adopting it, Jews were afforded greater educational and employment opportunities, as well as social status.

Judeo-Hamadani appears most similar to Kashani in terms of morphosyntax, evidenced by shared passive and imperfect markers.

According to Habib Borjian, "Tentative studies reveal that Tuyserkani agrees with Hamadani in all major grammatical points and lexical items (Stilo 2003), and that the dialects of Borujerd and Nehavand15 are close (Yarshater 1989)".

Stilo states that ə is probably a variant of e.[1] Judeo-Hamadani also has diphthongs, including āā, ao, uā, ayi, āy, ey, iye, av, and āv.

The suprasegmentals of the language, including rhythm, tone, intonation, and stress, are influenced by the Persian Hamadani dialect.