[3][4] After completing high school, she did an internship with Backa Theatre,[3] and then studied at the Högskolan för scen och musik (Academy of Music and Drama), University of Gothenburg.

[3] After graduation, she appeared in a small role in Ingmar Bergman's stage production of Friedrich Schiller's Mary Stuart (2000) at the Royal Dramatic Theatre.

[5][6] At the Royal Dramatic Theatre, she has starred in several productions including playing Regan in King Lear (2003), Sofia in Uncle Vanya (2008), and the title role in Jane Eyre (2009).

[3][9] In the wake of the 2017 Me Too movement, she was one of a number of actresses who shared stories of harassment in the entertainment industry.

Dufvenius went on leave from the Royal Dramatic Theatre, after criticising their handling of alleged harassment by a male colleague.