In August 1943 he took over for Karl Schöpperle in the subcamp of Großraming and starting from May 1944 the final commander of satellite camp Melk affiliated with the Steyr-Daimler-Puch company.
Apart from overall conditions in the camps, which stood under his responsibility, Ludolf was accused of having on different occasions to have personally struck or killed Polish and Russian prisoners between October 1943 and May 1944.
He was also accused of having ordered, in October 1944, that sixteen hospitalized Czech and Slovak prisoners be killed by lethal injection.
Heard as a witness in his own case, Ludolf said he never killed a prisoner and at most took actions to enforce camp discipline.
After his wife's plea for clemency was rejected, Julius Ludolf was executed on 28 May 1947 at Landsberg Prison.