The constituent assembly was tasked with drafting and passing a new constitution for the Bavarian state.

After the passage of the constitution, the Constituent Assembly was dissolved and new elections called for December.

General George S. Patton appointed Christian democrat Fritz Schäffer as interim Minister-President on 28 May 1945, before being dismissed by General Dwight D. Eisenhower on 28 September 1945 due to Schäffer's past anti-Semitic positions, and hiring of ex-Nazis within his administration.

[1] The Ministry was then handed over to social democrat Wilhelm Hoegner, who oversaw the creation of a new Bavarian constitution in the spring and summer of 1946.

The body was eventually dissolved, with direct elections being called for a Constituent State Assembly to oversee the passage of the Constitution.