Jus de non evocando is an ancient feudal right stating that no one can be kept from the competent court.
It has today become an important concept in public international law by which states refuse to extradite their own citizens.
Some countries may refuse to extradite non-nationals, who because of their crimes may be subject to the death penalty.
The foundation lies in that the international tribunal, by seizing jurisdiction over an international criminal trial from national courts, violates the principle of jus de non evocando.
The Trial Chamber, in the case of Dusko Tadic (IT-94-1 of the ICTY), stated that states give up some measure of sovereignty to be a part of the UN, which produced the ICTY, and so there is no violation.