The N-terminal Broad complex, Tramtrack and Bric-à-Brac (BTB) domain contains the Cys151 residue, which is one of the important cysteines in stress sensing.

A double glycine repeat (DGR) and C-terminal region domains collaborate to form a β-propeller structure, which is where Keap1 interacts with Nrf2.

In the mouse Keap1 (INrf2) gene, Lee and colleagues [10] found that an AREs located on a negative strand can subtly connect Nrf2 activation to Keap1 transcription.

When examining NRF2 occupancies in human lymphocytes, Chorley and colleagues identified an approximately 700 bp locus within the KEAP1 promoter region was consistently top rank enriched, even at the whole-genome scale.

[citation needed] The lead compound in this series, bardoxolone methyl (also known as CDDO-Me or RTA 402), was in late-stage clinical trials for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and showed an ability to improve markers of renal function in these patients.