Dzhakupov was born into a Muslim family on 16 September 1949 in a village in the West Kazakhstan Region.

On 3 September 2012 he was elected deputy chair of the Mäjilis after his predecessor Baktykozha Izmukhambetov was appointed as akim of Atyrau Region.

[3][4] Dzhakupov was succeeded as deputy chair by Dariga Nazarbayeva who also became the parliamentary leader of Nur Otan.

[5][6] After Nazarbayeva was appointed as the Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan on 11 September 2015, Dzhakupov succeeded her as the parliamentary leader.

[8] On 25 March 2016, Dzhakupov who formally held the seat as the chair of the Mäjilis was succeeded by Baktykozha Izmukhambetov while Gülmira Esimbaeva became the new parliamentary leader of Nur Otan.