[4] Desu Singh was a sardar from the Dallewalia Misl and an apparent descendant of the famous Sikh martyr, Bhai Dayala.

[3] In 1779, the Mughal minister of Delhi, Abdul Ahad, launched a military expedition against the cis-Sutlej Sikh chiefs.

[3] Desu Singh offered a nazar (tribute) to the nawab consisting of five gold coins, two bows, five cotton bed-sheets, and two steeds.

[3] In-return, Desu Singh was gifted a khilat of five pieces, a sarpech, and a sword, while two doshalas were bestowed to one of his associates with him.

[3] Abdul Ahad also inquired about the whereabouts of weapons and loot that was captured from his late brother, Abul Qasim Khan, whom was killed-in-action after his defeat on 11 March 1776, reprimanding Desu Singh for being a plunderer.

[3] However, Amar Singh of Patiala threatened the Kaithal widow for negotiating directly with the Mughal court of Delhi.

[3] However, the Patiala representative, Darbari Mal, stated to the wazir that if he would delay the release of Lal Singh for ten-days, he would be able to retrieve an additional 20,000 rupees as ransom.

[3] Sahib Kaur sent-out 2,000 Patiala troops to assist the cause of Lal Singh of Kaithal, with the force attacking Nana Rao Maratha at night.

[3] George Thomas, an Irishman, had set-up his own state based in Hansi, vying to become the ruler of the Haryana region.

[3] In November 1798, George Thomas launched an invasion of Jind, leading its rulers to reach-out to both Kaithal and Patiala states for assistance repelling the forces of the Irishman.

[3] In the beginning of December 1798, Lal Singh left for Jind whilst leading an army to help garrison and repel the invaders.

[3] The joint Jind-Kaithal forces were successfully able to defend Jind in the ensuing conflict on 10 December 1798, with losses on George Thomas' side consisting of four killed horses and many casualties and fatalities amongst his troops whilst they were entrenched.

[3] Finally, after a siege lasting five months, George Thomas retreated from Jind and the invasion ceased.

[3] A joint force of the Sikh chiefs and Louis Bourquin were able to successfully defeat and expel George Thomas, ending his independent polity.

[7][8][9] After the eruption of the Second Anglo-Maratha War, general Gerard Lake of the British forces visited Delhi.

[3] On 18 December 1804, the joint forces of Lal Singh of Kaithal and Colonel Burn of the East India Company defeated the Sikh chiefs whom were pillaging British territory.

He was a very able man, though utterly untrustworthy, and so violent and unscrupulous that the English authorities had the greatest difficulty in persuading him to maintain anything like order.

[11][3] For some time already, the British East India Company had been absorbing smaller Sikh states into its realm.

The British political agent for the cis-Sutlej states was George Clark and his headquarter was located at Ambala.

[3] The Kaithal forces appeared some distance away bearing matchlocks and lit-matchsticks, and threatening the British, which kept them on-guard the entire night, decreasing the morale of the British-side.

[3] George Campbell states that this offensive routed the British forces, causing them to retreat back to Karnal.

[11] The British prepared a strong invasion force and were assisted by 1,000 horsemen and two guns that were led by the maharaja of Patiala State.

[3] The next morning, George Clark sent Colonel Bolton to catch-up to her but after an entire day of searching, they failed to locate her whereabouts or the treasure's.

[3] However, some treasures and other items were snuck out by individual troops, such as a dagger that was possibly studded with diamonds, which a British official managed to sneak out of the palace and escape its detection by searchers by wrapping the blade in rags and tying it around his leg.

[3] This account by this British official also discusses metal chairs that some of the men broke the legs off of to be used to play skittles with, discarding them afterwards.

[3] In the aftermath of the lapsing of the state, the British confiscated and directly annexed the main portion of territory (including Kaithal locality itself) of the erstwhile state whilst a small portion was given to Gulab Singh of Arnauli, who was the second-cousin of Gurbaksh Singh, who had been the great-grandfather of the Kaithal chief.

[3] By the end of Lawrence's administration of Kaithal, criminality had decreased, offenders had been jailed or moved elsewhere, guns owned privately by the local population had been confiscated (with only one sword being allowed per ten-households).

[3] He further suggests to the British administration that the road network and drainage system of the annexed territory needed to be developed.