The Kalands Brethren (Kalandbrüder in German, Fratres Calendarii in Latin) were Catholic religious and charitable associations of priests and laymen.
Especially numerous in Northern and Central Germany, the Kaland confraternities spread to Denmark, Norway, Hungary, and France.
After the thirteenth century, these meetings developed in many cases into special, organized societies to which both priests and the laity, men and women, belonged.
Statutes regulated the conduct of the society, its reunions, the duties of the directors in promoting the religious life and Christian discipline, the services to be held, the administration of funds, and their application to charitable purposes.
In the sixteenth century the Reformation led to the dissolution of the majority; the rest gradually disappeared, only one being now known to exist, that of Münster in Westphalia.