Its name derives from the valley it crosses: Kaldidalur [ˈkʰaltɪˌtaːlʏr̥] means "cold dale/valley".
The route begins a bit to the north of Þingvellir and to the west of the volcano Skjaldbreiður, which really comes up to its name (meaning broad shield).
The track continues between the glaciers Þórisjökull and Ok and leads up to the north.
Signed as route 550 (formerly F550), the track is 40 kilometers long, and has no unbridged river crossings.
(The Kaldadalsvegur is not an F road, and a four-wheel-drive vehicle is not legally required to traverse it, however many car rental companies forbid the use of their two-wheel-drive vehicles on this interior route.)