Initially, it was a thirty-minute broadcast airing every other week, alternating with the early sitcom Pinwright's Progress, but later in its run, the episodes increased to one hour.
The programme had a variety of different features, including 'Collector's Corner,' in which antiques expert Iris Brooke would show various items of interest; 'Word Play,' a charades game performed by young actors and actresses from the Rank Organisation's "Company of Youth," also known as the "Charm School;" the 'Memory Man' (Leslie Welch) and 'Be Your Own Detective,' a series of short thrillers designed to test the viewers' powers of observation, written by Mileson Horton in a similar style to his earlier series Telecrime.
There were also various comedy sketches – Tony Hancock had his first regular television role on the programme, appearing for four episodes in 1951.
Kaleidoscope was transmitted live from the BBC's studios at Alexandra Palace.
McDonald Hobley acted as the presenter, and it was initially produced by John Irwin.