Kalisch Review

The Kalisch Review was a set of military manoeuvres held at Kalisz (then in the Congress of Poland) from 12 to 22 September 1835.

Its motto was "Aus inniger Vereinigung entsteht wirkliche Kraft" (From intimate union arises real power).

[1] In the aftermath of the November Uprising of 1830-31, the two countries felt they needed to make a major public display to the rest of Europe of their continuing close political ties.

It involved both countries' officers practising manoeuvres at army and corps level, though it did not include mock-battles.

[2] The high-point of the review was on 18 September, with over 2,000 military musicians performing a concert, including the premiere of the previously-lost march written by Frederick William III of Prussia when he was only ten - it was later adopted as a presentation-march by most of the Prussian regiments and is still played by Germany's Bundeswehr.