Kampong Cham was officially divided into two provinces on 31 December 2013 in what was seen by many as a political move by the ruling party.

A symbol the province is known for is two snakes sinuously wrapped around each other, which is located at the capital city bridge, Kampong Cham.

The request, which was ostensibly made in order to improve administrative efficiency in the large province, was approved by King Sihamoni on 31 December 2013.

The 10 districts that remain in Kampong Cham province overwhelmingly voted for the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party, led by Sam Rainsy, while five of the six districts cut out from Kampong Cham to form Tboung Khmum province were won solidly by the CPP.

[2] 2 districts in south Mekong river are Koh Sotin and Steung Trang Kampong Cham is allocated 10 seats in the National Assembly, down from 18.