In the history of Sri Lanka, the Kandyan Convention (Sinhala: උඩරට ගිවිසුම, romanized: Udarata Giwisuma) was a treaty signed on 2 March 1815 between the British governor of Ceylon, Sir Robert Brownrigg, and the chiefs of the Kandyan Kingdom, British Ceylon, for the deposition of King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha and ceding of the kingdom's territory to the British Crown.

A successful coup was organized by the chieftains, ending 2358 years of self-rule on the island and resulting in the imprisonment of the king in Vellore.

The treaty is unique in that it was not signed by the monarch on the throne but by members of his court and other dignitaries of the kingdom.

Wariyapola Sri Sumangala Thero, a Buddhist monk of the kingdom, seized and trampled a Union Jack hoisted by the British, demanding the flag of Kandy be left flying until the convention was signed.

The archives of the Government of Sri Lanka possesses the original copy of the convention.