[5] Kao and Yu Jane-daw filed a separate lawsuit against former Taipei mayor Ma Ying-jeou for allowing a private organization to use public land for profit.

[7] Hsieh was eventually named the Democratic Progressive Party's nominee, but lost the office to KMT candidate Ma Ying-jeou.

Kao's own legislative reelection campaign was opposed by a coalition of LGBT rights activists, and he lost to KMT opponent Ting Shou-chung.

[9] He lent support to the independent presidential campaign of activist Ellen Huang [zh], but she dropped out in September 2011, before the registration deadline for the 2012 election.

[10] Kao was named a DPP legislative candidate for New Taipei's 11th district in the same election cycle, but was again defeated, this time by Lo Ming-tsai.