Kardzhali Province (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east.

The territory of Kardzhali province was acquired by Bulgaria during the First Balkan War in 1912.

In 1913 the region was organized as the district (окръг, okrăg in Bulgarian) of Mestanli.

The Kardzhali province (област, oblast) contains seven municipalities (singular: община, obština; plural: общини, obštini).

The following table shows the names of each municipality in English and Cyrillic, the main town (in bold) or village, and the population as of 2009.