Karst spring

Karst springs often have a very high yield or discharge rate, because they are often fed by underground drainage from a large catchment basin.

[3] An estavelle or inversac is a ground orifice which, depending on weather conditions and season, can serve either as a sink or as a source of fresh water.

[4] Submarine karst springs, also known as vruljas, occur worldwide, and are most numerous in shallow waters of the Mediterranean Sea.

Storms, snowmelt, and general seasonal changes in rainfall have a very noticeable and rapid effect on karst springs.

[7] The French Realist painter Gustave Courbet (1819–1877) painted a number of karst springs among many landscapes he depicted in the Jura region of eastern France.