[3] According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 61.02 square kilometres (23.56 sq mi) [5] constituting 11.38% of the 536.01-square-kilometre- (206.95 sq mi) total area of Biliran.

In 1948, the barangays of Ungale, Tuo, and Inasuyan were transferred from Caibiran, Biliran.

[7] Kawayan, like the Municipality of Biliran, is a melting pot for Waray and Cebuano-speakers.

The municipality is linguistically divided into two languages, the people of the western part of the town that faces Almeria at a distance speaks Cebuano while the eastern part that faces Maripipi and Culaba speaks Waray.

Poverty Incidence of Kawayan Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]