After that, Hercules buried the main head of the Hydra above a small mountain named Chaon (Argolis) and since then a large spring mushroomed, providing water in abundance to the people of Argos.

The actual meaning of Kefalari (Κεφαλάρι) derives from the words αἴρω + κεφάλι (lift/cut + head) taken from the mythical fight of Hercules and Hydra.

Its ceremonial practices concerned about the worship of the goddess Hera and minor deities such as nymphs or serpents, with connection to that specific labor of Hercules.

From 337 till mid 13th century Kefalari belonged to the Byzantine Empire, until French as well as Italian knights and mercenaries conquered Peloponnese for their own as a result of the 4th Crusade in 1204 AD.

In the late 1880s, people who were either descendants of the former persecuted villagers or newcomers started inhabiting Kefalari and created a small thriving community in which animal husbandry, farming and tapestry were the main sources of income.

After WW2, from the 1950s to the 1970s, Kefalari thrived in the agricultural and structural sector along with the rest of Peloponnese due to the exceptional infrastructure and economic measures established by the Greek state.

Well-kept styled fountains were central points and sources of community life and identification, and are still vivid symbols especially in rural tradition throughout Greece.

An elaborate geological/hydrogeological study carried out by an international group of scientists analyzed hydrogeological structures of extended terrains of Acadia, Corinthia and Argolis.

An enormous number of katavothres (ponors) in closed basins of highlands, hydro-tectonical structures of faults were mapped, which allow subterranean waterways directed towards the Argolic Gulf.

The distribution of the karst waters flowing to various springs at the Argolic Gulf was mapped in detail and backed up by numerous chemical and physical dye tracing tests in 1983 and 1984.