Similar administrative divisions outside of Indonesia include barangays in the Philippines, Muban in Thailand, civil townships and incorporated municipalities in the United States and Canada, communes in France and Vietnam, dehestan in Iran, hromada in Ukraine, Gemeinden in Germany, comuni in Italy, or municipios in Spain.
Kelurahan is an urban village term primarily used in cities, but also tiny parts of regencies.
Major cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Surabaya and Medan are entirely urbanised and thus no rural villages.
If it no longer meets the above conditions it can be abolished or combined with other kelurahans based on the results of research and studies conducted by the city/regency government.
[2] Desa is a rural village terminology used in the majority of regencies in Indonesia, but also in tiny parts of cities.