In 2010, the center of population of Maine was in Kennebec County, in the city of Augusta.

27.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 122,151 people, 51,128 households, and 32,368 families living in the county.

[14] In terms of ancestry, 24.2% were English, 17.0% were Irish, 8.3% were German, 7.7% were French Canadian, 5.7% were American, and 5.4% were Scottish.

[17] Kennebec County has been designated as the Augusta–Waterville, ME Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) by the United States Office of Management and Budget.

A large amount of paper and textiles were produced, and mills sprung up along the Kennebec river.

In China Maine, there is no public high school, but a private school (Erskine Academy) exists, and the town pays for students tuition if they choose to attend.

Students from Vassalboro can pick from one of four school districts (Cony in Augusta, Erskine, Winslow, or Waterville).

Historically, the county was more Democratic-leaning than the rest of the state in presidential elections.

The county voted for Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940 even as Republican Wendell Willkie carried Maine, and it voted for Democrat Jimmy Carter in 1976 as Republican Gerald Ford won the state.

In 2020, it was the closest county in the state, with Democrat Joe Biden defeating Trump by just 181 votes.