Part of Oxford County is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area while a different part of Oxford County is included in the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area.

There were 32,295 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6.2/km2).

The racial makeup of the county was 98.25% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races.

At the 2010 census, there were 57,833 people, 24,300 households, and 15,781 families living in the county.

[13] In terms of ancestry, 23.6% were English, 14.8% were Irish, 8.2% were American, 6.4% were German, and 5.6% were French Canadian.

[16] From 1880 to 1988, Oxford County was dominated by the Republican Party in presidential elections, only failing to back a Republican candidate in 1912 (the county backed Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, who was a former Republican), 1964 (backing Democrat Lyndon B. Johnson, who won every county in Maine in a 46-state landslide), and 1968 (backing Democrat Hubert Humphrey, who had chosen Oxford County native Edmund Muskie as his running mate).

The county flipped in 1992 to become consistently Democratic like the rest of Maine, staying that way through 2012.

However, it made a 27.8 point swing[17] (the largest statewide) to back Republican Donald Trump in 2016 as he won Maine's second congressional district containing the county.