The new system set training standards for state units and established more efficient procedures for mobilizing the Guard into federal service.

Guardsmen returned from Texas in 1917 just in time to be mustered into federal service for duty in World War I. Kentucky units were attached to the 38th Infantry Division organized at Camp Shelby, Mississippi.

[4] The 2nd Battalion, 138th Field Artillery Regiment of the Kentucky Army National Guard was ordered to service in Vietnam in late 1968.

The Battalion's C Battery lost nine men killed and 32 wounded when North Vietnamese troops overran Fire Base Tomahawk on June 19, 1969.

[5] Soldiers of the Kentucky Army National Guard's 133rd Mobile Public Affairs Detachment deployed to Bosnia for NATO's Operation Joint Forge.

The unit provided Public Affairs support to the commander of Task Force Eagle and Multi-National Division.

[8] It served a period of being an infantry brigade, circa 2006, including a deployment to Iraq, where it assumed responsibility for COB Speicher, Tikrit, on 1 June 2006.

[13] On June 1, 2020, business owner David McAtee was shot and killed by the Kentucky Army National Guard and by the Louisville Metro Police Department.

The police department and the National Guard were in the area to enforce a 9 p.m. curfew implemented by Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer.

They allege that police officers and soldiers, in their effort to enforce the curfew, had boxed the crowd into the area thus causing a panic, which resulted in people running towards the restaurant of David McAtee.