Kenyan English

The dialect contains features unique to it that were derived from local Bantu languages, such as Swahili.

The British reduced the influence of Swahili and made English the medium of instruction in Kenyan schools.

Therefore, people living in rural areas and/or those who learned English as a second language and are likely to have a heavier accent are more likely to "shrub".

[2] In Kenyan English, a large number of speakers tend to omit articles in words that would otherwise need them.

Similarly, the article "the" in Kenyan English is often used in cases that would otherwise be deemed inappropriate, especially with uncountable nouns.

Some uncountable nouns such as "data", "equipment", "money", "property" and "software" are also often pluralised in Kenyan English, but this is especially prevalent in the rural areas and among the lower and lower-middle classes.

Again, this is especially prevalent in the rural areas and among the lower and lower-middle classes, but also depends on the ethnic origin of the speaker.

As mentioned before, there is a tendency to avoid the use of the relative pronoun "whose" in Kenyan English, where the use of the word would usually be replaced with "that".

Finally, most people in Kenya speak English as a third or fourth language, leading to the majority of individuals using a lot of direct translation.

[11] Distinguished Kenyan novelist Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, when asked in 2023 if Kenyan English or Nigerian English were now local languages, responded "It's like the enslaved being happy that theirs is a local version of enslavement.