The Kharkiv Operation was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War in June 1919, in which White forces captured the important industrial center of Kharkiv from the Bolsheviks, in preparation for an advance on Moscow.

After months of heavy fighting in the Donbass and Don region, the Red Southern Front collapsed, allowing the Volunteer Army to launch a major attack towards the North and West.

In June, the Whites undertook a successful offensive in the directions of Yekaterinoslav and Kharkiv.

The main offensive on the city was developed by forces of the 1st Army Corps of General Alexander Kutepov from the south and south-east.

Thus, the AFSR were able to control a strategically important city, while also replenishing its resources and gaining the use of Kharkiv's industrial potential.