Knut Aukland (28 March 1929 – 24 January 2014) was a Norwegian physiologist.

He made significant contributions to renal physiology, particularly in fields of renal blood flow measurement and regulation and transcapillary fluid balance, through his studies of blood circulation in the kidneys.

Aukland finished his secondary in Mandal in 1948 and took the Candidate of Medicine degree at the University of Bergen in 1954.

Back in Norway he took the Doctor Medicinae degree in 1965 with the thesis Studies on intrarenal circulation with special reference to gas exchange.

He became an honorary member of the American Physiological Society in 1982, fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1986 and won the Fridtjof Nansen Excellent Research Award in Science in 2002.