In the 2010/11 season of the youth championship, he participated in 22 matches, scoring 2 goals (against Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih and Volyn Lutsk) and receiving 3 yellow cards.

On November 4, 2012, at the age of 20, Kyrylo Nesterenko made his debut in the Ukrainian Premier League for the main squad in an away match against Chornomorets Odesa (3:0).

In the youth championship 2012/13, he played 23 matches, scored 2 goals (against Volyn Lutsk and Vorskla Poltava), and received 5 yellow cards.

In the winter of 2014, the head coach of the main team of Metalurh Donetsk, Serhiy Tashuev, took Kyrylo Nesterenko for two training camps in Turkey.

After suffering a cruciate ligament injury, undergoing two unsuccessful knee surgeries, and enduring a prolonged rehabilitation, Kyrylo Nesterenko was forced to end his football career at the age of 24.

The year 2021 was notable and productive for Kyrylo as he participated in the matches of the Ukrainian Championship 2021/22 and analyzed the Euro 2020 games.In early 2022, he returned to his coaching roots, signing a contract.

The team's head coach is Nikolay Kostov, well-known to Ukrainian fans for his work at Karpaty and Donetsk's Metalurh.

After completing his work at Caspiy Aktau in November 2022, Nesterenko continued his football career, signing a contract with Levski Sofia.

After gaining experience at FC Caspiy Aktau, his move to Levski Sofia allows him to expand his horizons and implement his ideas in a new environment.