The son of former France international and Brive player Philippe Carbonneau, he made his Top 14 debut with his club on 22 October 2022.
[3][4] Four years later, he moved to Brive-la-Gaillarde at the age of eight when his father was appointed as Brive first-team backs coach, and joined the professional club youth teams.
[5] Having extended his contract until 2026,[3] he ended the 2022–23 season with nine matches in the Top 14, including four starts, and two in the EPCR Challenge Cup.
[5] Carbonneau made his debut for France U20 on 10 February 2023 in the Six Nations Under 20s Championship match against Ireland, playing as the starting scrum-half.
[5] On 15 March 2024, Carbonneau captained the France U20 team for the Six Nations Under 20s Championship match against England and scored a try in the 31-45 loss.