La Argentina is a 1602 poem written by Martín del Barco Centenera.

The full name is Argentina y conquista del Río de la Plata, con otros acaecimientos de los reinos del Perú, Tucumán y estado del Brasil (Spanish: Argentina and conquest of the Río de la Plata, with other events from the kingdoms of Peru, Tucuman and the state of Brazil).

He wandered through the region for twenty-four years, narrating a poem with his experiences.

The poem mixes both real events and imaginative tales, such as human-shaped fishes.

The work, with more than ten thousand verses divided in twenty-four canticles, was published in Lisbon in 1602.