[3][4] For example, one strain CTV-05 is being evaluated specifically for the prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis,[5] which is characterized by overgrowth of other bacteria, potentially as a result of the absence of Lactobacillus flora that can serve to protect the host from infection.

Strains in the homology groups A2, A3, A4, B1 and B2 were proposed to be distinct species[11] and later reclassified as L. crispatus, L. amylovorus, L. gallinarum, L. gasseri and L. johnsonii respectively.

[16] The genome of Lactobacillus crispatus strain ST1, which colonizes chicken, consists of about 2,043,161 nucleotides[14] and encodes 2,024 proteins,[14] 76 RNA genes[14] and has a circular chromosomal shape.

Studies have shown that L. crispastus CTV-05 effectively colonized the vagina and helped prevent and treat recurrent bacterial vaginosis and other genital infections.

Scientists have stated that evidence from clinical trials suggests that these probiotics will safely and effectively treat bacterial vaginosis if used alone or alongside an antibiotic treatment if an infection had already arisen.