[9] Laguna Woods became Orange County's 32nd city on March 24, 1999, after local residents voted to incorporate.

[10] About ninety percent of the city consists of Laguna Woods Village, a private gated retirement community, formerly known as Leisure World.

The other ten percent consists of businesses, some homes and the city hall, which are accessible to the public.

Incorporation efforts in the late 1990s were largely driven by the need for residents to have a stronger voice against the prospective construction of an international airport at the nearby decommissioned Marine Corps Air Station El Toro.

The airport proposal was defeated, and the land in question has been tabbed for development as the Orange County Great Park.

Laguna Woods, California occupies approximately three-square miles of land that was once a part of South Orange County's expansive Moulton Ranch.

Prior to the 1960s, dry farming and cattle grazing dominated the area, with a few scattered ranch dwellings and barns.

[11] In 1962, Ross Cortese, a young developer whose previous projects included Rossmoor and Leisure World Seal Beach, purchased a portion of the Moulton Ranch.

His goal was to create a second Leisure World community or, as he said, “to supply the basic needs of life for people aged 52 and older; create a serene atmosphere of beauty; and provide security, recreation, and religious facilities – then leave the living to the individual.” His dream materialized and in 1964 Leisure World Laguna Hills received its first residents.

The prospect of incorporation first arose in 1971 and was a lingering issue until 1996, when the potential for a reduction in county services and the possibility of a commercial airport at the nearby site of the former Marine Corps Air Station, El Toro, became very real concerns.

Proponents of cityhood were successful in placing the issue of incorporation on the ballot for a special election on March 2, 1999.

[15] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.1 square miles (8.0 km2), which is virtually all land.

According to the 2010 United States Census, Laguna Woods had a median household income of $36,818, with 9.9% of the population living below the federal poverty line.