Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto Polar is the most well-known advocate of the approach, but it has a long history.
"[3] The goals of poverty alleviation and urban management, however, can lead to conflicts in the design of land titling programs.
While titling was expected to promote long term investments and ensure the transfer of land from less efficient to more efficient users, studies assessing the impact of tenure reform in Africa often found few significant effects of privatisation on production and, in some cases, even negative effects (Bruce and Migot Adholla 1994).
In India, even with political support for joint-titling policy, institutional backing from local land authority's is needed to make progress.
As each reform is important for establishing joint-titling regimes, they are worth considering independently, even if they ultimately failed [9]