On 31 December 1991, Laos recognised the Russian Federation as the successor state to the Soviet Union, after the latter's dissolution.

The Soviet Union established diplomatic relations with Laos on October 7, 1960.

[2] On December 1, 1962, the USSR and Laos signed several agreements, including the ones on trade and payments, on economic and technical assistance in the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Nam Niep River, and on the construction of a hospital and a radio station in Vientiane on pro donate basis.

Russian politician Valentina Matviyenko met with Lao politician Pany Yathotou, discussing improving and strengthening relations between the two countries.

Plans were also made to create a Russian language school in Vientiane.