Lars Anton Anjou (18 November 1803 – 13 December 1884) was a Swedish bishop, church historian and politician.

In the academic year 1851–1852, he was rector of Uppsala University and was appointed minister of education and ecclesiastical affairs[1] on 9 March 1855 as the successor of Henrik Reuterdahl.

Among his achievements in this position is the reform of high school, in which he placed great emphasis on classical languages.

Anjou, together with Henrik Reuterdahl, is considered to be the founder of church historiography in Sweden, primarily because of his long and influential account of the history of the Swedish Reformation.

The name is today unknown in Wallonia, and probably the family took it only after arriving in Sweden; as far as is known, it has no connection to the French county of Anjou.