Latium (pronounced "Latcham" or "Lotzyum"), is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Texas, United States.

Early German immigrants included civil engineer Hermann Rogalla von Bieberstein, who eventually became a well-known Texas surveyor and artist Rudolph Melchior, who adorned the Winedale Inn.

In 1873, Reverend Josef Chromik established a mission among Catholic Czech immigrants in Texas.

The Sacred Heart Catholic Church was constructed in 1918 by Czechs, who subsequently dominated the community; services were still held there until the late 1980s.

For the majority of the 20th century, Latium acted as a supply hub for the surrounding agricultural region.